Intelligent Management on the Home Consumers with Zero Energy Consumption

The energy and environment crisis has forced modern humans to think about new and clean energy sources and in particular, renewable energy sources. With the development of home network, the residents have the opportunity to plan the home electricity usage with the goal of reducing the cost of electricity. In this regard, to improve the energy consumption efficiency in residential buildings, smart buildings with zero energy consumption were considered as a proper option. Zero-energy building is a building that has smart equipment whose integral of generated and consumed power within a year is zero. In this article, smart devices submit their power consumption with regard to the requested activity associated with the user’s time setting for run times and end times of the work to the energy management unit and ultimately the time to start work will be determined. The problem’s target function is reducing the energy cost for the consumer with taking into account the applicable limitations.


Introduction
Recent research indicates that 20 to 30 percent of the energy consumed in the buildings can be reduced through optimized operation and management without a change in the structure of the building's energy supply system.In recent years, the increase in energy consumption and multiple restrictions on development of production resources triggered a comprehensive global study about energy consumption strategies on the demand side and at the same time to avoid damages to the process of development and growth of countries.
The energy management system of smart zero-energy consumption building controls and schedules energy consumption of smart loads.Despite the benefits to the customer by management of loads, it cannot be expected from small-sized households to act like an operator with experience in power systems or a skilled economist to mind their load planning and achieve the target function.Hence, there is a need for an approach that employs the least user intervention and by having sufficient information about the amount of power and duration of consuming of each smart load during consumption scheduling period, to manage the load according to the intended target function and the restrictions at hand [4].
In previous studies with the exception of article [3] of this document, so far it was assumed that electric devices can be connected and disconnected for an unlimited number of times during their activity periods which is not practical, also in other references, only the total energy consumption of each of electrical appliance and its range of performance regardless of changes, device's power consumption in its operational phases, and the consumption profiles were used; but in this study these weaknesses have been resolved [7].
The main objective of energy management system in this article is minimizing energy costs based on real-time electricity prices using the scheduling and planning of devices.In this project, a smart house is considered in which a part of its required energy needs is supplied locally by CHP generator, thermal, and electrical storage devices [5,6].
Also, the given smart home can connect to upstream network to purchase network's power at peak hours and to sell excess power to the upstream network [15][16].In the house, a number of household appliances such as dish-washer, washing-machine and electric oven are available In summary, innovations of this research include the following items: the use of probability distribution functions dependent on several factors such as seasonal and social

Research Method
The article is divided into the following sections.In part 2, the problem is described in summary [2], [4].In part 3, the mathematical model is explained and the restrictions, relevant assumptions and the target function are described.In section 4, the proposed model and simulation results will be introduced.Finally, section 5 is the conclusion [1], [5].
Table 1 shows the characteristics of the boiler used in this article.

Results and Analysis
In a common domestic micro-network, there are three equipping categories: energy consumers, storage devices, and producers.The aim of minimizing energy cost during one day, will be defined as a linear combination integer planning and daily power consumption based on time-windows of equipment, between the earliest start-time of the work and latest end-time of the work [10], [13].This simulation takes place in t time intervals and each one lasts one-hour and as a result, there are 24 intervals per diem [9].
f is the target function based on Dollars, t is the time index based on hour (time horizon of planning in 24), one of the energy management incentives is reducing network peaks and thus avoiding the need for a network with more capacity.One way to achieve this goal is to increase network tariffs at peak period so as a result, subscribers will be persuaded to reduce consumption to cut electrical bills [2].

Results of the implementation of the project 1
This project is a combination of network scenario and the scenario of start to work of manageable loads at the earliest possible time that they may start to work.In this project, only the upstream network supplies the power and the heat is also only supplied via boiler.In this scenario, there is no other source of energy to supply the electrical and thermal loads.Also, any equipment is turned on at the earliest start time it may start to work and no action is taken in order to optimize the performance of equipment.

Conclusion
At network's peak load hours when usually the price of electricity is also high, the homes -relative to their dependence on the network-use their surplus production to help network operators to balance the supply and demand.This would reduce the operational problems at peak hours and reduces the production of fossil fuel power plants in these hours.Reducing the peak network load is also one of the results of smart energy management at home.This allows the houses to store electricity at low-consumption hours and use it at peak hours when the electricity price is high so the power demand on the network in those hours will drop.Increased competition at consumption side is another advantage of energy management.Because consumers have to use high-efficiency appliances with lower maintenance costs as their energy production sources to get the highest production with the lowest cost.Optimum use and control will have a dramatic effect on reducing the costs of the building.

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ISSN: 2089-3272 IJEEI Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2017 : 185 -191 186 coefficients for the time-scheduling of devices available in the house, introducing a new category of home appliances, taking into account the production of the amount of renewable energy such as solar panels [8-10].

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.The thermal power boilers.Join consumption of electric car charging has been spent.